Some Common Questions
about
Wicca, Witches and Witchcraft
(Reprinted from "What Wicca
is Not," by Saira of Crystal Moon Coven, copyright 1991,
text expanded and modified
1995)
This page offer quick, relatively simple answers
to questions and misconceptions most often directed toward Wiccans.
They are short, easy to read and are excellent for distributing to family
members and friends with whom you would like to share your path and beliefs
without adding confusion to what might already be difficult concepts for
non-Wiccans.
First and Foremost, Wiccans are not
Satanists.
Wiccans do not even
acknowledge the existence of a personification of evil, such as the devil
or Satan, therefore, contrary to popular myth, Wiccans certainly
DO NOT worship, or otherwise consort with demons or the devil.
What do you mean you aren't Satanists?
Isn't Wicca and Satanism the same thing?
No! Wiccans do
not believe in or worship any entity known as Satan or the Devil.
This misconception arose because most Wiccans worship an aspectof God known
as the Horned One, Consort of the Goddess and a living symbol of fertility
and strength. The Early Church, during the time of the Inquisition,
declared that the ancient Horned God of the Pagans was actually the Devil.
The Inquisitors subjected thousands of innocent people, mostly Christian
women and healers, to horrific torture and imprisonment. They
promised to end the torture and bring on a swift and merciful death if
these "witches" signed confessions acknowledging devil worship and naming
other so-called "witches."
There is a religious movement
called Satanism that began during the Middle Ages as a political-religious
protest to the control exerted over the masses by the Church.
Satanism continues in the present day under a variety of names. Satanism
has nothing to do with Wicca.
What if you meet someone who says that
they are Wiccan or a Witch, but they claim to "hex or blast" people, "worship"
Satan, participate in blood and animal sacrifices, illegal drugs and/or
sexual orgies as part of their worship?
Make sure that you
have your facts straight. Rest assured - If your information is correct,
then this individual is NOT WICCAN. Also, before you judge, remember
that there are practitioners of Santeria and Voodoo who perform ritual
animal sacrifice and Native Americans who use peyote as part of sacred
ritual. The U.S. Supreme Court has upheld these religious sacraments.
Wiccans do not practice evil or harmful
magick. As a Religion, Wicca is decentralized and unorganized, however,
all Wiccans follow the Wiccan Rede. The Rede states, "An' it harm
none, do what ye will." The word an' is an archaic term for the word
"if;" the words, "harm none" refer to bringing no physical, mental, emotional,
psychic, spiritual, or magickal negativity against another. No matter
how diverse Wiccan beliefs and practices might be, this tenet holds
true for all individuals claiming to be Wiccan. Therefore, it would
be a direct violation of our entire religious system to practice harmful
or negative magick.
Wiccans are not interested in converting
or proselytizing anyone, especially children. We recognize that our religion
and lifestyle is not for everyone. We are not anti-Christian;
we are simply non-Christian. We ask only that others respect our
right to religious freedom and allow us to worship and function in peace.
Wiccans believe that when an individual is ready, s/he will find the Wiccan
path if it is meant to be, therefore, we do not proselytize. Many,
if not most coven groups will not admit anyone under the age of 18 without
parental consent. No one is EVER forced to become Wiccan or to remain
Wiccan. Contrary to the movies, Wiccan covens do not kidnap people, initiate
them against their will or threaten their lives if they wish to leave.
There is sometimes a vow of secrecy taken
(more for safety's sake than anything else), but individuals are
free to leave a coven, and Wicca, at any time. The art of being Wiccan
belongs to the heart; no one can force this on someone else. Most
Wiccans do not want to be secretive and underground about our religion.
We have been forced to maintain secrecy as a measure of security.
Wiccans have been, literally, burned out of their homes; denied employment
(or fired because of their beliefs); and killed (in a variety of nasty
ways) by misguided and misinformed individuals. We have often been persecuted
simply because our society has never been particularly tolerant of that
which it does not understand. Most Wiccans would love to share their
knowledge and their love for God and Goddess with the non-Wiccan world.
Perhaps this will become more possible as the Age of Aquarius progresses.
Can a person be both Wiccan and Christian
or Jewish, etc.?
In general, no one
in Wicca is asked to renounce or turn aside his/her religious ancestry
or practices. Most followers of Wicca hold that ALL traditions and
religious practices are valid and that there is more than one true way
to enlightenment. Many faiths, such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Bahai
also follow that philosophy. Keep in mind, however, that Christianity,
Judaism and Islam specifically prohibit the acknowledgement of any other
faith or the recognition of any other version of God. Therefore,
many individuals who are drawn to Wicca find that, after a time, they must
choose between their religious paths.
By what other names is Wicca known?
Actually, the religion
of Wicca is known by many names including, but not limited to: The Craft,
The Old Path, The Old Religion, Witchcraft, Wiccacraft, Craft of the Wise,
Path of the Wise and many others.
Do Wiccans believe in God?
Not only do we believe
in and worship God, we also honor the Divine as Goddess. Worship
is a very personal thing among Wiccans. Wicca is non-dogmatic, subscribing
to no one "official" creed, belief or pantheon. Some Wiccans view Deity
as a single force or energy. Others are polytheistic - worshiping
many Gods and Goddesses and honoring the Ancient Ones of many cultures.
Do Wiccans believe in Jesus?
Jesus is a Christian
Deity. Wicca is not anti-Christian, but it is non-Christian.
Many Wiccans acknowledge Jesus as a prophet or an Avatar and Enlightened
Being. These individuals honor Jesus as they do any other great spiritual
leaders such as Buddha, Moses, Mohammed, Krishna, etc. Some Wiccans honor
Jesus and Mary as patron Deities, their personal image of the Lord and
Lady, however, this is probably not a common practice. Again, Christianity
would prohibit the practice of both faiths.
What is a Witches Sabbat?
We honor our Deities
and our spiritual and familial Ancestors on holy days, called Sabbats and
Esbats. In general, Sabbat Festivals mark the changes in season and
the various agri-pastoral events which take place throughout the year.
Sabbats are primarily solar-based. There is an emphasis on the God as he
waxes and wanes through the cycle of the year going from a Green Man and
God of the Grain to a God of the Harvest and the Hunt. Esbat rituals
are attuned to the changing lunar phases; we honor the Goddess in Her Triple
Aspects of Maiden, Mother and Crone.
A "Witch" and a "Wiccan" is the same
thing, right?
Not necessarily. Anyone
can practice witchcraft, meaning simple folk magick and call themselves
"witches" regardless of ethics, beliefs or philosophy.
Wicca, on the other hand,
has a basic ethical and moral code which includes: dedication to a spiritual
path; worship of the Goddess and/or God; adherence to the Wiccan Rede and
belief in the Three-Fold Law. Many Wiccans are reclaiming the word "witch"
as a word of power; they believe that
this word has been unfairly maligned.
There are people who use the term "Witch"
who follow a spiritual/religious/ethical path, but who are not specifically
Wiccan.
What is the Wiccan Rede?
Wiccan philosophy and
ethics are summed up in the following "traditional" poem that, for all
intent, is a Wiccan Code of Conduct:
Bide the Wiccan Law ye must,
In perfect love and perfect trust,
Eight words the Wiccan Rede fulfill,
An' ye harm none, do what ye will,
What ye send forth, comes back to thee,
So ever mind the Rule of Three,
Follow this with mind and heart,
And Merry Meet and Merry Part!
An' is an archaic form of the word "if;"
and "harm none" refers to all life on all levels: physical, spiritual,
magickal, mental, emotional, etc. The Wiccan Rede is a reminder to live
consciously and responsibly.
Do Wiccans believe in magic and spells?
Yes, most (but not
all) Wiccans believe in and practice magick (spelled with a k to distinguish
it from stage illusion). The Wiccan Rede dictates that no spell may
be directed at anyone with the intent to cause harm. Even spells
for healing and assistance should be undertaken only with express consent,
or a request, from the individual for whom the work is done.
Do Witches really dance around naked
or wear long, black robes?
There are Wiccans, associated
with specific Wiccan Traditions such as Gardnerian Wicca, who practice
ritual sky-clad (naked, clad only by the sky). One reason is
the belief that magick and the flow of energy, is best worked when the
body is as close to its natural state as possible. This work is taken very
seriously; anyone who tries to join a sky-clad working group for the wrong
reasons, such as believing that sex will be an end result, will find themselves
disappointed and ousted very quickly!
The art of magickal garb, or dress, is
an ancient and well-honored tradition. Many people who are disturbed
at the thought of people wearing long robes to religious rituals seem to
forget that this custom is common among the clergy of MOST religions, from
the vestments of the pope, to the habits of nuns, to the saffron robes
of the Buddhist monks and Robes worn by most Christian Ministers. Many
of these vestments are black. Wiccans are not the only ones. In fact,
not all Wiccans choose to wear the color black, although many do.
To us, black is a color of power, a color strongly associated with the
Goddess. We do not associate black with negativity or death (and it should
be noted that, to many cultures, black is the color of marriage and white
is the color for funerals). At any given Festival one is likely to
see robes of all colors and designs. Sometimes the color represents
a particular aspect of the season (such as green or white at Ostara, the
Spring Equinox), but most often color is personal choice.
Why is Wicca associated primarily with
the British Isles?
There are at least
two reasons: Firstly, most Wiccans consider Gerald Gardner to be
the "founding father" of Wicca. Gardner was English and, supposedly, reporting
the practices of an English coven. Whether or not we follow the Gardnerian
Tradition, most of us realize that without Gardner's efforts we would still
be practicing in the broom closet.
Secondly, Paganism,
survived within the British Isles later in history. While there were many
invasions over the years, the British Isles were still relatively isolated
from the rest of Europe. Christian influences were slower to arrive and
slower to take root. Christianity and Paganism existed side-by-side much
longer here than on the Continent where the newly converted Romans were
trying their best to stamp out all vestiges of Goddess worship. Many Pagan
customs and beliefs such as Goddess worship, Sacred Wells and Trees, the
belief in the Faerie Folk, etc. although suppressed by the Early Church,
survived in rural areas. Particular Ireland where they still practiced
Goddess worship and believed in the Faerie Folk long after the introduction
of Christianity.
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